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2018　Hadron Physics

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Academic unit or major
Graduate major in Physics
Instructor(s)
Shibata Toshi-Aki 
Class Format
Lecture     
Media-enhanced courses
Day/Period(Room No.)
Mon3-4(H119A)  Thr3-4(H119A)  
Group
-
Course number
PHY.F430
Credits
2
Academic year
2018
Offered quarter
1Q
Syllabus updated
2018/3/20
Lecture notes updated
-
Language used
Japanese
Access Index

Course description and aims

Hadrons are particles which interact with strong forces. Hadrons are grouped into baryons and mesons. Examples are proton, neutron and pion. Most of the visible mass in our universe is due to the hadron mass. In the lecture, it is explained that hadrons are composed of quarks and anti-quarks. The features of flavor and color charge are also explained. Explanation is given on the roles of gluons, the force carriers, based on Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) which is the theory of strong interaction. The coupling constant of the strong interaction and asymptotic freedom, which is the outstanding feature of QCD, are explained. Structure functions and parton distribution functions determined in experiments of high energy reactions are also explained. The spin structure of the nucleon is explained. Symmetry breaking in weak interaction of hadrons is described in the framework of standard model of particle physics. Effective models for hadron physics at low energy and origin of mass are explained. Experimental methods for hadron physics are also introduced (The lecture is given in English by a request of foreign students.)

The purpose of the course is to let the students understand hadrons which constitute the present universe, and to understand quarks, gluons, and QCD which is the theory of strong interaction. Another purpose is to let the students understand how experiments have played essential roles in promoting hadron physics.

Student learning outcomes

[Objectives] Students will understand the basics of hadron physics by taking this course. Students will understand the features of strong interaction, the description of hadrons based on quarks, and features of quantum chromodynamics.

[Topics] Strong interaction, quark model and parton model, quark flavors, generations, color charge, gluons, asymptotic freedom, elastic scattering and deep inelastic scattering, structure functions, parton distribution functions, spin structure of the nucleon, weak interaction, origin of mass, quark-gluon plasma, experimental methods etc.

Keywords

strong interaction, quark model, parton model, flavors, generations, baryons, mesons, color charge, gluons, quantum chromodynamics, asymptotic freedom, structure functions, parton distribution functions, spin structure of the nucleon, weak interaction, origin of mass, hadrons including massive quarks, quark-gluon plasma, experimental methods.

Competencies that will be developed

✔ Specialist skills Intercultural skills Communication skills Critical thinking skills ✔ Practical and/or problem-solving skills

Class flow

The lecture is given using black board and a slide projector.
Practical problems are given and students are required to solve them.

Course schedule/Required learning

  Course schedule Required learning
Class 1 Hadrons and strong interaction To be able to explain how the meson theory evolved to the quark model and quantum chromodynamics(QCD).
Class 2 Quark model and parton model To be able to explain how the experimental results suggested the quark model and parton model, and the relation between the two.
Class 3 Flavors of quarks, classification of baryons and mesons To be able to explain the compositions of baryons and mesons based on the quark model.
Class 4 Gluons, color charge, asymptotic freedom, quantum chromodynamics(QCD) To be able to understand the meaning of asymptotic freedom.
Class 5 Elastic scattering and form factors To be able to explain elastic scattering based on non-relativistic and relativistic theory, and the form factors.
Class 6 Deep inelastic scattering, structure functions and parton distribution functions. To be able to explain the meaning of Bjorken scaling.
Class 7 Structure of the nucleon, sum rules To be able to list up the sum rules and explain them.
Class 8 Spin structure of the nucleon To be able to explain the contributions of quark spin and gluon spin to the nucleon spin.
Class 9 Experimental methods for hadron physics: accelerators, storage rings, cooling, detectors, polarized targets To be able to explain the experimental methods and their precision.
Class 10 Weak interaction of hadrons (1) standard model of electroweak interaction To be able to explain what weak isospin is.
Class 11 Weak interaction of hadrons (2) Parity violation, violation of CP symmetry To be able to list up the examples of violation of the symmetry and explain them.
Class 12 Origin of mass of quarks and hadrons To be able to explain the relation between chiral symmetry breaking and origin of mass
Class 13 Hadrons including charm and bottom quarks To be able to explain the features of hadrons containing heavy quarks.
Class 14 Hadron physics in high-energy heavy-ion collisions To be able to explain in which reactions quark-gluon plasma is searched for.
Class 15 Hadrons in cosmology and astrophysics To be able to explain what roles hadrons play in cosmology and astrophysics.

Textbook(s)

not specified

Reference books, course materials, etc.

'Particles and Nuclei', B. Povh et al., Springer

Assessment criteria and methods

Written examinations in the middle and at the end of the course, and problem solving during the class

Related courses

  • PHY.F350 ： Nuclear Physics
  • PHY.F437 ： Advanced Nuclear Physics
  • PHY.F351 ： Elementary Particles
  • PHY.F436 ： Advanced Particle Physics

Prerequisites (i.e., required knowledge, skills, courses, etc.)

It is required that the students have enough knowledge on quantum physics.

Other

The lecture may be given in English by a request of foreign students. A part of the lecture may be given in English independent of the attendance of foreign students.

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